Hepatitis A (known as hepatitis) is a severe infectious disease of the liver caused by the virus (HAV). In many cases, there are very few symptoms or no symptoms, especially for children. In those who have symptoms, there is two to six weeks interval between infection and symptoms. When the symptoms are observed, they usually last for eight weeks and may include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, yellow skin, fever and abdominal pain. About 10-15% of people have symptoms in the next six months during the initial infections. In rare cases, the severe liver function can occur, but it usually happens more often in older people.
It usually spreads through eating or drinking contaminated food or water by the infected stools. Shellfish, which is not properly cooked, is a relatively common source. It can also spread through close contact with an infected person. When children are infected, they can often be infected without having any symptoms. Once infection occurs in a person, he has the ability to prevent disease for his remaining life. Blood tests are needed for diagnosis since its symptoms are similar to those of many other diseases. It is one of the five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.
To prevent hepatitis A vaccination is effective. It is regularly recommended for children in some countries and for those who are not vaccinated earlier, it seems to be effective for the whole life. Other preventive measures include hand washing and cooking food properly. There is no specific treatment; rest is recommended for vomiting or sleep apnea and medicines. Infections are usually completely removed and the liver disease does not continue. When the liver becomes extremely untreated, he is treated with liver transplants.
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Worldwide, about 1.5 million cases of infection occur every year, and most likely there are several million infections. It is more common in the areas of the world where sewage treatment is not good and there is no adequate safe water. About 90% of children in the developing world are infected by 10 years of age, and before they become adults, they have the ability to prevent disease. In moderately developed countries, it often happens as a pestilence, where children do not come in contact at a young age, and the practice of vaccination is not very common. In 2010, 102,000 people died due to acute hepatitis A. World Hepatitis Day is held every year on 28th July to create awareness about viral Hepatitis A.
